Tomatoes are just great on sandwiches.  I wonder how long it takes for them to grow.
With tomatoes it depends. The tomato has many varieties. They are grown in temperate climates all over the world. 
What different types of tomatoes are there?
There are a lot. The tomato scientific name is "Solanum lycopersicum". They are edible are often red.
are they ever not red?
They can sometimes be yellow or green. The tomato is part of the  "Solanaceae" plant family.
Where are they usually grown?
The tomato is grown anywhere with a temperate climate all around the world. Places without an ideal climate they just use greenhouses.
What country does the plant originate from?
The tomato is believed to have originated from the people that lived in Ecuador and Peru as a cultivated food.