I'm relatively new to parenting, my kid is only 1.
when dealing with parenting, the most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parents of the child in question
Too true!  Are there other types of parenting?
in some cases orphaned or abondoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations
Oh yeah, like a foster parent.  Do you know anything about foster parenting?
well the placement of the child is usually arranged through the government or social service agency
That makes sense.  I guess there's no one way to parent.  It can be hard.
there is a concept of "good-enough" parenting in which a minimum of prerequeisites for healthy child developement are met